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Attack and defence

Are you interested in the past of the country that you’re visiting, and its military history in particular? Do you like to visit fortresses, war memorials and battlefields while on holiday? The Defence Line of Amsterdam brings war stories to life and lets you delve into Dutch military history.
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The Defence Line of Amsterdam

A remarkable defensive ring made up of 46 forts and batteries as well as a multitude of dikes and sluices encircles the Dutch capital of Amsterdam. It’s the Defence Line (or ‘Stelling’) of Amsterdam. An extraordinary monument of Dutch military history, the Defence Line is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site.
The Defence Line also showcases the Dutch genius for hydraulic engineering: the possibility for flooding the land lies at the heart of this defensive system that is characterized by ingenious logistics. During World War I, about 10,000 soldiers manned the Defence Line of Amsterdam. However, they never came face to face with the enemy. The forts then remained abandoned up until World War II, when the ‘Stelling’ was brought back to its defensive glory. It didn’t witness any actual battle, though.
After the liberation of Holland by the allied forces in 1945, some of the forts were put to use as prisons. During the Corld War the buildings mostly served as storage facilities. By now, many of the forts and batteries have been given another purpose.

A historic day out at the Defence Line

The Defense Line of Amsterdam is perfectly suited for a historic day out. You can visit fortresses and batteries and walk on or around dikes and sluices that are part of this ring of defence. Visiting a Defence Line structure, you can choose to take a guided tour, view temporary or permanent exhibitions, listen to war stories or soak up a bit of Dutch history while relaxing in one of the cafés and restaurants that the ‘Stelling’ has to offer. 

Other things to do

  • You can embark on beautiful hiking and biking tours in the surroundings of the Defence Line of Amsterdam,
  • A visit to the various Defence Line forts is easy to combine with a trip to Amsterdam or picturesque Dutch towns and villages,
  • The ‘Stelling’ is situated in an area abounding with water and can be explored by canoe,
  • Combine a visit to the Defense Line with other touristic day trips, to the flower auction in Aalsmeer or the windmills of the Zaanse Schans for instance.
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Passable part of an inundation in the form of elevated terrain, a road, (railway) embankment or waterway.

Collective term for projectile weapons.

Also called bulwark. An outward-projecting pentagonal structure, suitable for delivering flanking fire.

A storage site for military equipment. The parks in the Defence Line are spread out over sectors (sector parks) and groups (group parks).

A battery that is positioned behind armour plates.

A fort with one or more armoured artillery positions.

A number of artillery pieces combined into one group.

Shielded position from which defenders can harass the enemy.

A (low) defensive structure that extends into the moat and can be used to give flanking fire.

A space that is protected against enemy fire and is outfitted with a gun port, behind which a piece of artillery is placed.

An army division whose tasks include, amongst other things, the construction of temporary and permanent defensive structures. The term ‘engineer’ is derived from the French word ‘ingenieur’.

Also called covert way. A pathway that is protected from enemy fire by an earthen wall and can be used for transporting soldiers and military equipment.

Also called stop-log sluice. A temporary dam that stops the inundation water when beams are stacked up in its recesses.

Water purification system that improves the quality of drinking water by extracting iron.

Earthen elevation surrounding a defensive structure, featuring a breastwork.

A (wooden) shed where artillery and military engineering equipment were stored.

The part of a terrain that can be fired at.

Long-range flanking fire: fire support for the secondary forts. Short-range flanking fire: fire that covers the surroundings of the defensive structure itself.

Known in Dutch as ‘Vestingwet’. The act of the 18th of April 1874 that stipulated which forts would become part of the Dutch national defence system.

The side of a defensive structure that is facing away from the enemy.

In the Defence Line forts this is a casemate giving short-range and long-range flanking fire.

Undercarriage for a cannon or other heavy firearm.

Shell that is filled with highly explosive material.

The flooding of land to keep the enemy at bay.

Also called inlet sluice. A sluice that is constructed with the aim of letting water into a certain area.

An independent system of connected defensive structures.

Artillery that gives frontal fire over large distances, directly aimed at enemy positions.

A simple (temporary) defensive structure manned by a small number of soldiers.

An underground connecting passageway that is shellproof.

Known in Dutch as ‘Kringenwet’. Act of January 1853 that stipulates restrictions with regard to the construction of buildings in the vicinity of defensive structures, the so-called forbidden zones (‘kringen’), in order to guarantee a free field of fire.

A chart that is installed next to the gun port to give the operators of the artillery insight into the distances of targets and the corresponding firing angles.

A place of last refuge for the defenders of a fort, which can be defended independently.

A turret that is lifted up to give fire and is retracted and thus made almost invisible once the firing has stopped.

Position that provides shelter to retreating troops.

Battery that is situated in close proximity to a fort and performs some of the tasks that have been assigned to that fort.

The ability of a building to withstand gunfire thanks to brickwork, concrete or a bottom layer.

A shellproof depot for storing artillery and other essential military equipment.

A fort’s courtyard.

Ground-plan.

A turnable armoured artillery position.